The University of Minnesota’s entry into January’s final University Nanosatellite Program competition won’t be launched into space.
However, the U.S. Air Force has selected the University team to participate again. Team members are already recruiting new students, while some are still working on satellite components to use for the next two-year competition cycle, Nanosat-6.
The program has two aims: training students to build satellites and provide the Air Force with useful research, aerospace engineering and mechanics associate professor {www:Demoz Gebre-Egziabher} said.
As the faculty adviser, he’s responsible for pitching an idea for the satellite’s science mission.
Since Gebre-Egziabher’s research involves Global Positioning Systems, the University’s nanosatellite projects have tried to use it in novel ways.
Goldeneye, as the satellite is known, is an apt name, as its science mission was to keep an eye on the Earth’s surface conditions, like ocean wave heights and wind speeds, by analyzing reflected GPS signals.
Aerospace graduate student Jim Pogemiller is writing his master’s thesis on the GPS sensing the satellite was meant to do, and he said a lot of the work he did for it, like making sure his radar system would work in space, will go into his thesis.
Though equipment already exists for remote sensing, it would be handy to be able to do it with GPS since most satellites already use it, Gebre-Ebziabher said.
The upcoming Nanosat-6 science mission is an extension of the previous project, Gebre-Ebziabher said. But instead of sensing the Earth’s surface, this satellite will use GPS to sense other satellites in space.
When one satellite is repairing another — like the Hubble Space Telescope — it’s important it knows where its target is to avoid a collision.
Existing sensors can do this, but GPS would be cheaper, weigh less and require less power, Gebre-Ebziabher said.
Though Gebre-Ebziabher pitches the science mission, it’s up to students to figure out how to accomplish it.
That means designing the satellite, fabricating it, testing it and updating it, mechanical engineering senior and project field manager Ellie Field, said.
“It’s real engineering,” Gebre-Ebziabher said. “It’s a lot of work.”
Aerospace engineering senior Erin Mussoni, who was in charge of satellite communications (getting information to and from the satellite using radio signals), found that out. “I didn’t sleep for five months,” she said.
One of the challenges, she said, was finding and paying for materials that are space-ready.
Materials with impurities or air bubbles, like plastic and fiberglass, can expand and explode in space. Space ready materials are expensive, she said.
Though the Air Force provides $110,000 to get accepted teams started, Gebre-Ebziabher said the teams are expected to raise more than that.
Goldeneye got a lot of help from businesses, mostly in the form of product donations from companies like Honeywell and Lockheed Martin, he said. He estimated the Goldeneye team’s fundraising at least tripled the Air Force’s seed money.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration also supports the program, through scholarships given to Nanosat students through the Minnesota Space Grant Consortium .
Aerospace engineering professor Bill Garrard, who directs the MSGC, said the draw for NASA is to fill the pipeline of engineers and scientists.
Though Mussoni said she hasn’t found much use for the ham radio license she got in order to operate Goldeneye’s radios, the project did help on the career front: “This project probably gave me my internship,” she said.
“Engineers want to talk about design projects, and if you have something unique like this, they just go wild over it,” she added.
Garrard said he thinks University students have become increasingly interested in this kind of activity during his time here.
“I think students realize that these opportunities really are important for them in terms of getting a job,” he said.
But aerospace senior Kyle Zakrzewski , who will take over as field manager, said he does it because it’s fun.
“We’re a bunch of undergrad students making a satellite. I mean, that’s pretty cool.”
– BY Tiffany Smith | Minnesota Daily
EDITOR’S NOTE: Bad news for Ethiopia’s murderous tyrant Meles Zenawi.
(VOA News) – U.N. diplomats and officials say judges at the International Criminal Court have decided to indict Sudan’s president for war crimes in Darfur.
Officials say on the of anonymity that the court will issue an arrest warrant for President Omar al-Bashir. They say the decision will be made public later this month.
It is not clear whether the Hague-based court will indict him on all 10 counts of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes brought by the court’s chief prosecutor, Luis Moreno Ocampo.
On Tuesday, United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said Sudan must cooperate fully with whatever decision the court makes and should ensure the safety of U.N. peacekeepers and civilians in the country.
Sudan has rejected the court’s authority. Sudanese officials say the safety of peacekeepers in Sudan is not in jeopardy, buy they say authorities cannot control public outrage if an arrest warrant is issued for the president.
The developments come as a key Darfur rebel group holds peace talks in Qatar with the Sudanese government. The rebels from the Justice and Equality Movement accused Sudan’s government Wednesday of undermining the talks by allowing army troops to advance towards rebel positions on the ground in Darfur.
Also Wednesday, key members of the U.S. Congress urged the Obama administration to quickly focus on the situation in Sudan and to appoint a presidential envoy to the country. The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom also called on the administration to help Sudanese leaders implement a fragile peace deal that ended years of fighting between the Khartoum government and southern rebels.
Sudan dismisses Bashir arrest move
(Al Jazeera) – Sudan’s ambassador to the UN has vowed not to co-operate amid reports that the International Criminal Court (ICC) has issued an arrest warrant for Omar al-Bashir, the country’s president.
The ICC had “decided it wants him arrested”, an unnamed diplomat at the UN was quoted by the Reuters news agency as saying on Wednesday while the New York Times said prosecutors had evidence that al-Bashir had committed war crimes in the country’s conflict-ridden Darfur region.
But Abdalmahmoud Abdalhaleem, Sudan’s envoy to the UN, said even if there were an arrest warrant, “it means nothing to us”.
“We have been hearing this speculation for the last two weeks but we are not going to be surprised if this decision is issued today or tomorrow or if it has already been issued.
“Because we know this court is a political court, a politically motivated decision. It will never bother us at all. It means nothing to us. We are in no way going to co-operate with this decision.”
ICC prosecutors said last year that they had evidence that al-Bashir had committed war crimes, but the precise charges against the president have not been disclosed.
It would be the first time the ICC has sought the detention of a sitting head of state since it was established in 2002.
Al Jazeera’s Kristen Saloomey said the UN secretary-general’s office had said it had not been notified of any ICC decision and declined to comment.
UN urges co-operation
But Ban Ki-moon, the UN chief, had on Tuesday urged the Sudanese leader to co-operate with the ICC if a warrant was issued.
“He [Bashir] should fully co-operate with whatever decisions the ICC makes,” Ban told reporters at the UN headquarters.
But Abdalhaleem dismissed the ICC as a “hostage to the political will of some powers on the [UN] Security Council”.
“If the secretary-general wants us to believe that the court is independent, then he should stop becoming its spokesperson,” he said.
Last year Luis Moreno-Ocampo, the chief ICC prosecutor, asked the court’s judges to indict al-Bashir for orchestrating what he described as a campaign of genocide in Sudan’s western Darfur region that killed 35,000 people in 2003 and at least another 100,000 through starvation and disease.
Sudan, in rejecting the term genocide, says 10,000 people died in the conflict.
UN officials say at least 2.5 million were left homeless and put the death toll as high as 300,000.
The Sudan government has said that it would continue co-operating with UN peacekeepers in the country even if al-Bashir is indicted, but has warned there may be widespread demonstrations of public outrage.
Court Approves Warrant for Sudan’s President
By MARLISE SIMONS and NEIL MacFARQUHAR | The New York Times
THE HAGUE — Judges at the International Criminal Court have decided to issue an arrest warrant for President Omar Hassan al-Bashir of Sudan, brushing aside diplomatic requests to allow more time for peace negotiations in the conflict-riddled Darfur region of his country, according to court lawyers and diplomats.
It is the first time the court has sought the detention of a sitting head of state, and it could further complicate the tense, international debate over how to solve the crisis in Darfur.
Ever since international prosecutors began seeking an arrest warrant last year, opponents have pressed the United Nations Security Council to use its power to suspend the proceedings. But a majority of Council members have argued that the case should go forward, saying Mr. Bashir has not done enough to stop the bloodshed to deserve a reprieve.
Many African and Arab nations counter that issuing a warrant for Mr. Bashir’s arrest could backfire, diminishing Sudan’s willingness to compromise for the sake of peace. Others, including some United Nations officials, worry that a warrant could inspire reprisal attacks against civilians, aid groups or the thousands of international peacekeepers deployed there.
The precise charges cited by the judges against Mr. Bashir have not been disclosed. But when the court’s chief prosecutor, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, first requested an arrest warrant in July, he said he had evidence to support charges of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide related to a military campaign that “purposefully targeted civilians” and had been “masterminded” by Mr. Bashir.
Lawyers familiar with the case said the court had already sought to freeze the president’s assets but had found his possessions to be hidden behind other names.
The decision to issue a warrant against him, reached by a panel of judges in The Hague, has been conveyed to the United Nations secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, and is expected to be formally announced at the court, officials at the United Nations said.
The prosecutor became involved in the case after the Security Council asked him to investigate the conflict in Darfur, where massacres, disease and starvation have led to the deaths of up to 300,000 people and driven millions from their homes.
Although there has been sporadic fighting in Darfur for decades, the conflict significantly intensified in 2003, when rebel groups demanding greater autonomy for the region attacked Sudanese forces. The Arab-led government responded with a ferocious counterinsurgency campaign, which the court’s prosecutor called a genocidal strategy against Darfur’s black African ethnic groups.
Relations between Mr. Ban and Mr. Bashir continue to be strained by Sudanese government actions in Darfur and by Mr. Ban’s refusal to deal with Mr. Bashir directly.
But on Sunday the two men had an unscheduled encounter at a summit meeting in Ethiopia. Diplomats described it as “a stormy meeting” and “a shouting match” in which Mr. Bashir vented his anger at the court, though it is independent of the United Nations. Mr. Ban, in turn, insisted on the safety of United Nations staff members and peacekeepers, and demanded that Mr. Bashir stop the attacks on civilians.
The prospect of an arrest warrant for Mr. Bashir has already caused a diplomatic rift, with the African Union and members of the Arab League asking the Security Council to exercise its right to postpone any moves against the president for a year, arguing that he might still help bring a settlement in Darfur. Once an arrest warrant is issued, the Council can request that it be postponed.
There is broad concern that removing Mr. Bashir from power could threaten a landmark peace treaty between the Sudanese government and rebels in the southern part of the country. The treaty was signed in 2005 to end a civil war in which 2.2 million people died, far more than in Darfur.
Mr. Bashir fought members of his own party to approve that peace deal, and it is widely seen as critical to holding the country together.
On Wednesday, the Sudanese ambassador to the United Nations, Abdalmahmood Abdalhaleem, dismissed the court’s decision as “not deserving the ink used to print it.” The ambassador accused the court of being a political tool of mostly Western powers that want to fragment Sudan.
Mr. Abdalhaleem contended that in separate talks at the United Nations last fall with Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and top European officials, Sudan was promised that Western powers would support a suspension of the prosecution if the country cooperated with United Nations peacekeeping efforts, pursued peace talks and more aggressively pursued war criminals.
“We are moving on all those tracks,” he said, though human rights groups and diplomats disagree.
A top United Nations official said Mr. Ban’s advisers were now struggling to forge a policy that supports the court’s pursuit of justice but avoids wrecking Sudanese cooperation with the complex missions there.
The court has issued two other arrest warrants in connection with the Darfur conflict, one for a former government minister, Ahmad Harun, and another for Ali Kushayb, a leader of a government-backed militia. Neither has been arrested.
The prosecutor has also accused three rebel leaders of the killing of 12 African Union peacekeepers. They have said publicly that they will surrender to the court.
Marlise Simons reported from The Hague, and Neil MacFarquhar from the United Nations.
UNITED NATIONS (AP) — U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon urged Sudan’s president on Tuesday to fully cooperate with the International Criminal Court if it decides to issue an arrest warrant over for his alleged role in atrocities in Darfur.
The world’s first permanent war crimes tribunal is expected to announce its decision soon on last year’s request by the court’s chief prosecutor for an arrest warrant against President Omar al-Bashir.
The decision will likely coincide with the first peace talks between al-Bashir’s government and one of the two main rebel groups in Darfur that got under way Tuesday in Doha, Qatar, seeking an end to a six-year rebellion in the vast region of western Sudan.
“Whatever the circumstances or decisions of the ICC may be, it will be very important for President Bashir and the Sudanese government to react very responsibly,” Ban said. “… And he should fully cooperate with whatever decisions that the ICC makes.”
Ban said he discussed the “safety and security” of the U.N.-African Union peacekeeping mission in Darfur and the “implications of ICC issues” with al-Bashir at the recent AU summit in Ethiopia, but he refused to disclose any details.
Ban said he understands the African Union and the Arab League will try to get U.N. Security Council support for a resolution that would delay action on any arrest warrant for a year. The statute that set up the tribunal allows the council to defer prosecution of a case.
Al-Bashir’s government has been accused of encouraging Muslim militias to commit atrocities against ethnic Africans in Darfur since a rebellion broke out there early in 2003. U.N. officials say up to 300,000 people have died in the conflict and 2.7 million have fled their homes.
By TODAY’S ZAMAN
ANKARA — Foreign minister of the tribalist dictatorship in Ethiopia has urged the International Criminal Court to postpone a decision on issuing an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir for his alleged role in atrocities in Darfur, calling for a political solution instead.
“I certainly believe that this decision should be postponed,” said Seyoum Mesfin in Ankara after talks with his Turkish counterpart, Ali Babacan, late on Monday, when asked about the court’s expected ruling. “The Darfur crisis is a political one. Therefore, it requires a political solution,” said Mesfin, calling for the decision to be postponed for at least one year.
The world’s first permanent war crimes tribunal is expected to announce its decision soon on the warrant requested last year by the court’s chief prosecutor. The announcement comes as talks between the Sudanese government and one of the two main rebel groups in Darfur got under way Tuesday.
“Such a postponement would help Sudan achieve peace. A possible arrest warrant would benefit no one,” said the Ethiopian Woyanne foreign minister.
Babacan, for his part, did not touch on the expected decision from the court, but said Turkey backed the territorial integrity and political unity of Sudan, a veiled statement of support for al-Bashir. “We support the international community’s efforts in Darfur,” he said.
The government has received criticism for supporting the al-Bashir administration despite widespread accusations regarding genocide and war crimes perpetrated against the population of Darfur. The criticism surfaced again recently when Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan walked out of a Davos panel after a heated exchange with Israeli President Shimon Peres over a deadly Israeli operation in Gaza, which left more than 1,300 Palestinians dead. Hailing his courageous criticism of Israel, critics said, however, Erdoğan would have seemed more consistent had he leveled similar criticism against Sudan as well.
The al-Bashir government has been accused of encouraging Muslim militias to commit atrocities against ethnic Africans in Darfur since a rebellion broke out there early in 2003. UN officials say up to 300,000 people have died in the conflict and 2.7 million have fled their homes.
The African Union is expected to start talks with the United Nations to get the Security Council’s support for a resolution that would delay action on a warrant for a year. Turkey has been a nonpermanent member of the 15-seat UN Security Council since January. Mesfin said African leaders hoped that the UN Security Council would hear their call for a delay on a warrant.
EDITOR’S NOTE: The flower exporters are destroying Ethiopia’s fertile land by using fertilizers that are toxic. It would be good if they all get bankrupt and out of business. Ethiopia’s fertile land need to grow food, not flower.
ADDIS ABABA (Reuters) – Income from Ethiopian flower exports has reached only 60 percent of a targeted $298 million over the last 18 months as the global recession hits the sector, a senior government official said on Tuesday.
The Horn of Africa nation earned $177.6 million during the period from the sale of some 1.5 billion stems, Girma Gelelcha, an expert in the Ministry of Trade and Industry, told Reuters.
“Unless the global financial situation shows some improvement, it may also be difficult for Ethiopia to earn the targeted $207 million … in (calendar year) 2009,” he said.
Ethiopian horticulture officials expressed fears at the end of last year that the worldwide economic crisis could hit their industry as European consumers cut back on luxury purchases.
On Tuesday, a source at the state-owned Development Bank of Ethiopia said two Israeli-owned flower farms had been put up for auction in recent weeks after failing to service bank loans.
The source said three more farms were in a similar position and might be put up for sale soon.
The government has offered tax breaks to attract investment in flowers. More than 100 local and foreign firms have been drawn to the sector, and the country hopes exports will overtake coffee within five years to be worth $1 billion annually.
